Water Softeners and Wastewater Treatment

Many communities are deciding to regulate water softener backwash discharge. In normal operation, salt-type water softeners discharge a large volume of concentrated brine every few days when the ion-exchange column is recharged.

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Textile Based Packed Filters

Packed bed filters (PBFs) incorporating naturally occurring treatment media such as sand and gravel have been used successfully for treating small to medium volume wastewater flows for decades.

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Watertight Septic Tanks

The septic tank — a 150-year-old technology — is still the “heart” of virtually all onsite systems and most decentralized wastewater collection systems.

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Design and Performance of Septic Tanks

More than forty million people in the United States currently use onsite wastewater disposal or decentralized sewerage collection and treatment that rely on septic tanks for primary treatment.

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